The Link Between UTIs and Kidney Cancer: How Recurrent Infections Can Increase Risk in Women

Last Updated:June 29, 2025, 13:45 IST

Women are more prone to UTIs, for some, these infections become chronic due to hormonal fluctuations, hygiene practices, structural abnormalities in the urinary tract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common experience for many women. Often, any burning sensation during urination is brushed off as a temporary issue or even seen as a normal part of life. However, when UTIs become frequent, it’s important to dig deeper. While occasional infections may seem benign, recurrent UTIs can affect long-term kidney health and potentially increase the risk of developing kidney cancer as women age. Though this information may be concerning, awareness of the risks and timely intervention can make a significant difference in prevention and care. Dr. Sanjay Gogoi, Chairman, Urology, Renal Care, Medanta, Gurugram shares all you need to know:

Recognizing the Difference: Occasional Discomfort vs. Recurrent Threat

A single UTI is generally not a cause for alarm. However, if an individual experiences two to three infections within a year, underlying factors may require medical evaluation. Recurrence can lead to prolonged inflammation or damage to the urinary system, especially the kidneys. Over time, chronic inflammation can trigger cellular changes that elevate the risk of kidney-related complications, including cancer.

Women are more prone to UTIs due to their anatomy, and for some, these infections become chronic due to hormonal fluctuations, hygiene practices, or structural abnormalities in the urinary tract. While UTIs may appear easily treatable with antibiotics or manageable with over-the-counter products, allowing them to worsen or failing to manage them appropriately can lead to bacteria traveling upward to the kidneys. When the kidneys are repeatedly affected—often accompanied by back pain, fever, and fatigue—the infection not only damages tissue but may also trigger long-term inflammatory responses, increasing the risk of cancer.

A Complex Clinical Relationship

The relationship between UTIs and genitourinary cancers is clinically significant but complex, involving causal, associative, and confounding factors. “Genitourinary” refers to the organs and systems involved in both reproduction and urination, including the kidneys, bladder, urethra, and reproductive organs. While a direct causal link between recurrent UTIs and kidney cancer is not always established, strong associations exist—especially between chronic UTIs and bladder cancer, such as squamous cell carcinoma.

In women, it’s also important to consider that HPV infection, which is strongly associated with cervical cancer, can sometimes present with UTI-like symptoms. Differentiating between symptoms is vital for accurate diagnosis and care.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Recurrent UTIs

Most UTIs respond well to antibiotics, but persistent or frequently recurring infections warrant a more in-depth evaluation. You should consult a healthcare provider if:

You’re experiencing recurrent UTIs multiple times a year.

You notice unusual symptoms such as unexplained back pain, blood in the urine, or frequent fevers.

You experience fatigue, unexplained weight loss, or changes in energy levels.

Imaging or tests indicate kidney scarring or dysfunction.

While these symptoms do not necessarily indicate cancer, they warrant a thorough investigation to rule out serious issues such as chronic kidney infections or early-stage malignancies. Further diagnostic steps may include urine cultures, imaging (ultrasound or CT scans), and additional testing.

Why Early Evaluation Matters

Early detection of recurrent infections offers the best chance to prevent complications like chronic kidney disease and kidney cancer. Identifying the root cause, whether anatomical, behavioural, or microbial enables personalized treatment plans. Referral to a urologist or nephrologist may be required for comprehensive, ongoing care.

Preventive steps include staying well-hydrated, avoiding urinary irritants, maintaining proper hygiene, and adhering to regular medical follow-ups. For women prone to UTIs, early intervention can stop the formation of a recurrent pattern and significantly reduce long-term health risks.

UTIs are common, but if they keep recurring, don’t ignore them. Listen to your body and seek timely care—especially when it concerns your kidneys. When in doubt, consult a doctor. As the saying goes, precaution is better than cure.

Swati Chaturvedi

Swati Chaturvedi, a seasoned media and journalism aficionado with over 10 years of expertise, is not just a storyteller; she’s a weaver of wit and wisdom in the digital landscape. As a key figure in News18 Engl…Read More

Swati Chaturvedi, a seasoned media and journalism aficionado with over 10 years of expertise, is not just a storyteller; she’s a weaver of wit and wisdom in the digital landscape. As a key figure in News18 Engl… Read More

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