Has Your Child Not Started Speaking Yet? Experts List 5 Reasons

Last Updated:August 05, 2025, 17:39 IST

Dr Priyanka Arya from Government Medical College, Kannauj, explained that children may speak late due to premature birth, ear infections, autism, or neurological issues

Autism can lead to difficulties in speech and comprehension. (AI Generated Image)

While every parent dreams of a healthy baby, some developmental delays, like late speech, can raise concern and confusion. Many children begin speaking between one and two years of age, yet some may not utter clear words even at three or four. Though this is not always a cause for alarm, doctors say it can be linked to both common and serious medical conditions. Pediatrician Dr Priyanka Arya from Government Medical College, Kannauj (Uttar Pradesh), spoke about the top five causes behind delayed speech in children and why early assessment is essential.

According to Dr Arya, “the development of a child begins inside the womb itself” and the first three months after birth are particularly critical. This early period sees rapid growth in motor, cognitive, and language skills. However, when children do not meet these milestones, especially speech, it is important not to dismiss it as a mere phase.

1. Premature Birth

“Premature birth is one of the most common reasons behind delayed speech,” said Dr Arya, adding, “A child born before 9 months is called a premature baby. In such cases, their overall growth may be slower.” Not just speech, but other milestones such as hearing and motor skills may also be delayed. The doctor stressed that while parents need not panic, regular health check-ups are essential to track developmental progress.

2. Ear Infection

“Some children develop ear infections soon after birth,” she explained. This may severely affect their hearing, and consequently, their ability to speak, adding, “If your child frequently scratches the ear or keeps inserting fingers into it, have the ears checked. Untreated infections can hinder the development of speech.”

3. Autism Spectrum Disorder

In some cases, late speech can be linked to autism. Dr Arya said, “Children suffering from this condition have difficulty speaking, understanding, and expressing themselves. They need better care and attention to support both their mental and physical development.” Autism is a spectrum, and early diagnosis can open the door to interventions that make a significant difference.

4. Difficulty in Understanding or Processing

Another possible cause could be difficulty in comprehension. “Some children have trouble understanding or hearing certain things since birth, which leads to delayed speech,” Dr Arya said. Because they struggle to grasp the meaning of words or how to respond, they may remain silent. “Fortunately, this issue can be managed once it’s properly diagnosed,” she added.

5. Neurological Disorders

When a child is significantly behind in speech compared to others their age, neurological issues must be considered. “If you feel your child is speaking much later than expected, get them evaluated,” she advised, adding, “Sometimes the reason may be neurological disability, and in such cases, early medical intervention is crucial.”

Dr Arya urged parents to remain observant and proactive. If your child is not speaking within the expected age range, don’t delay. Consult a pediatrician, she said. Timely diagnosis and intervention can go a long way in helping your child catch up developmentally.

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